Grammar

 An interjection is a kind of exclamation inserted into regular speech. Actually, it is a brief and abrupt pause in speech for expressing emotions. • Interjections are unique and have some interesting features: • Interjections don’t have a grammatical function in the sentence construction. • They usually cannot be modified or inflected. • They do not have to have a relation to the other parts of the sentence. • They are highly context-sensitive. In spoken language, interjections are the words we instantly use to show our reaction to something which influences our emotion. They are the initial reaction and sometimes do not even make sense. However, for formal speech or writing, using interjections is not appropriate. Interjections mainly have four roles: Rule 1: Interjections express a sudden mood, emotions, and feeling with emphasis. There are also many taboo words that are usually used in everyday conversation but not in formal aspects. These words fall into the category of interj...

 Conjunctions are used to join clauses, phrases, and words together for constructing sentences. Conjunctions make a link between/among words or groups of words to other parts of the sentence and show a relationship between/among them. Example: • Alex and Robin are playing together. • Alex plays well, but Robin plays better than him. • I play cricket, and Robin plays football. • When he was sick, I went to see him. Types of conjunction; 1) Coordinating Conjunctions 2) Correlative Conjunctions 3) Subordinating Conjunctions Coordinating Conjunctions: The job of a coordinating conjunction is to join two words, phrases, or independent clauses, which are parallel in structure. There are seven coordinating conjunctions which are by far the most common conjunctions: and, but, for, nor, or, so, yet. Example: • We went to the stadium and enjoyed the cricket match. • Do you want an ice cream or chocolate? • Go away and never come back. Correlative Conjunctions: A correlative conjunction uses...

 A preposition is a word that indicates the relationship between a noun and the other words of a sentence. They explain relationships of sequence, space, and logic between the object of the sentence and the rest of the sentence. They help us understand order, time connections, and positions. Example: • I am going to Canada. • Alex threw a stone into the pond. • The present is inside the box. • They have gone out of the town. There are a few interesting linguistic facts about preposition. First, they are a closed class of words which means no new preposition gets added to the language. We use a fixed set of prepositions. Second, prepositions do not have any other form. They cannot be plural, possessive, inflection, or anything else. Third, most of the prepositions have many different contextual and natural uses. So, it is easy to be confused about preposition. Fourth, sometimes a preposition works as nouns, adjectives, and adverbs. Prepositions can be of one, two, three, or even mor...

 An adverb is a word/a set of words that modifies verbs, adjectives, and other adverbs. It tells when, where, and how an action is performed or indicates the quality or degree of the action. Many adverbs end in -ly but some words which end in -ly (such as friendly) are not adverbs. Many words can be both adverbs and adjectives according to their activity in the sentence. Example: • Robin is always hungry for success. • I love her very much. • He is running fast. • Alex works hard. He wrote that willingly. Adverb Clauses and Adverb Phrases are clauses and phrases that modify the verbs, adjectives or other adverbs in the sentence. Example: • He ran toward the bus until he was tired. (Adverb Clause) • He came carrying his box with two hands. (Adverb Phrase) • We were panicked without any reason. (Adverb Phrase) Types of adverb; 1) Conjunctive Adverbs 2) Sentence Adverbs 3) Adverbs of Time/Frequency (When?) 4) Adverbs of Place/Direction (Where?) 5) Adverbs of Degree (How Much?) Adver...

 A verb is a word or a combination of words that indicates action or a state of being or condition. A verb is the part of a sentence that tells us what the subject performs. Verbs are the hearts of English sentences. Examples: • Jacob walks in the morning. (A usual action) • Mike is going to school. (A condition of action) • Albert does not like to walk. (A negative action) • Anna is a good girl. (A state of being) Verbs are related to a lot of other factors like the subject, person, number, tense, mood, voice, etc. Basic Forms of Verbs There are six basic forms of verbs. These forms are as follows: Base form: Children play in the field. Infinitive:  Tell them not to play Past tense: They played football yesterday. Past participle:  I have eaten a burger. Present participle: I saw them playing with him today. Gerund:  Swimming is the best exercise. Different types of verb; 1) Finite verb 2) Non finite verb 3) Linking verb 4) Action verb  5) Auxiliary verb 6) Mod...

 An adjective describes or modifies noun/s and pronoun/s in a sentence. It normally indicates quality, size, shape, duration, feelings, contents, and more about a noun or pronoun. Adjectives usually provide relevant information about the nouns/pronouns they modify/describe by answering the questions: What kind? How many? Which one? How much? Adjectives enrich your writing by adding precision and originality to it. Example: • The team has a dangerous batsman. (What kind?) • I have ten candies in my pocket. (How many?) • I loved that red car. (Which one?) • I earn more money than he does. (How much?) However, there are also many adjectives which do not fit into these questions. Adjectives are the most used parts of speech in sentences. There are several types of adjectives according to their uses. (What kind?) • I have ten candies in my pocket. (How many?) • I loved that red car. (Which one?) • I earn more money than he does. (How much?) More Examples of Adjective However, there are ...

 Parts of speech are the classification of words categorized by their roles and functions within the structure of the language.   Parts of speech encompass everything a language has in itself. Can you imagine all the words of a language can be sorted into these categories? They play different roles in the structure of a language. In English, there are eight parts of speech: 1) Noun 2) Pronoun 3) Verb 4) Adjective 5) Adverb 6) Preposition 7) Conjunction 8) Interjection Noun Noun refers to people, places, things, ideas, concepts, etc. Example:  Michael is a good boy.  Melbourne is the best city. Pronoun A pronoun is used to refer to a noun/noun phrase, or nouns/noun phrases; instead of the repeated use of the same noun(s)/noun phrase(s). Example:  Michael is a good boy. He gets up early in the morning.V Verb Verb shows an action or an ongoing condition. It is considered as the heart of a sentence. Example: Alex is going home. He loves his home. Adjective Adje...

Definition;  Grammar tenses refer to the state of the verb. The state or tense of the verb explains the times of action.  There are three major tenses in English. This include: • Present • Past  • Future English tenses are the form of the verb takes to show the time of an action. Each of these tenses can explain and event that occurred in the past and event that occurs in the present and event that will occur in the future  Examples of tenses: I write. ( Present tense ) I wrote. ( Past tense ) I will write. ( Future tense ) Present Tense; The present tense deals with current situation or action of a verb at present time. Present tense divided into four parts. • Present Simple Tense • Present Continuous Tense • Present Perfect Tense • Present Perfect Continuous Tense Present Simple Tense; S= Subject O= Object V= Verb The present simple tense expresses events that happens in the present but are not happening right now. The present tense is used for, • Facts. • Habits a...

Definition; A pronoun is used in place of a specific noun mentioned earlier in a sentence so that you don’t have to keep saying/writing that particular noun.  Example: • Michael is a good boy. He gets up early in the morning. (Here, you don’t have to mention ‘Michael’ again) • The coach selected several key points. He wanted the team to memorize them. (‘He’ replaces ‘the coach’; ‘them’ replaces ‘several key points’) The word or phrase that a pronoun replaces is called the antecedent of the pronoun. In the previous example, original noun ‘the coach’ is the antecedent and the pronoun ‘he’ is the referent because it refers back to the original noun. The antecedent and the pronoun/s must agree in terms of number and gender. More Examples of Pronoun; Types of Pronoun; 1) Subjective pronoun 2) Objective pronoun 3) Possessive pronoun 4) Reflexive pronoun 5) Intensive pronoun 6) Relative pronoun 7) Demonstrative pronoun 8) Interrogative pronoun Subject Pronouns Subject pronouns work as the...